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ANALYSIS
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INTRODUCTION The proteomic approaches implemented in the team BaDiAl (adaptation of bacteria to food and digestive environments) of UR454 Microbiology (http://www4.clermont.inra.fr/microbiologie) use both conventional extraction techniques of proteins (disruption of bacterial cells, cell fractionation, precipitation of exoproteins) and gel electrophoresis separation (SDS-PAGE and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis [2-DE]) that newer techniques of subproteome explorations (eg "shaving" for surface proteins exposed) with off-gel separations directly coupled to mass spectrometry ("shotgun proteomic") or a combination of these different techniques. These different proteomic strategies are often complementary and allow separating and identifying hundreds of proteins and to progress in the exploration of the bacterial physiology and biochemistry.
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